কাট লেদার বাই হ্যান্ড
২ সপ্তাহ

gwWD‡ji welqe¯‘

wkLbdj-1: IqvwKs †÷kb cÖ¯‘Z I ¯’vcb

wkLb Kvh©µg

Bbdi‡gkb wkU 1.1-1: Pvgov KvUvi hš¿cvwZ I miÄvg

‡mjd †PK 1.1-1

DËicÎ 1.1-1

wkLbdj-2: KvUvi Rb¨ Pvgov hvPvB

wkLb Kvh©µg

Bbdi‡gkb wkU 1.2-1: Pvgov I Pvgovi ˆewkó

‡mjd †PK 1.2-1

DËicÎ 1.2-1

wkLbdj-3: nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvU‡Z n‡e

wkLb Kvh©µg 1.3-1

Kvh©m¤úv`b gvb`‡Ûi ZvwjKv

mÿgZvmg~‡ni c~biv‡jvPbv

জেনেরিক

অকুপেশন

GB gwWD‡j cÖwkÿY DcKiYI cÖwkÿY Kvhµg m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q| GB Kvh©µg¸‡jv Avcbv‡K

M¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| KvwUs †j`vi evB n¨vÛ (nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvUv) GKwU Ab¨Zg †hvM¨Zv| GB

‡hvM¨ZvwU GbwUwfwKD †j‡fj-1 †ckvi †gwkb Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb| GB †ckvi `ÿ Kgx©I Rb¨ †h

Ávb, `ÿZv I AvPiY cÖ‡qvRb Zv& GB †Kv‡m©I g‡a¨ AšÍfz³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

 

GB gwWD‡j ewY©Z wkLbdj AR©‡bi Rb¨ Avcbv‡K avivevwnKfv‡e wkÿv Kg©KvÛ m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e|

GBme Kg©KvÛ †kÖwYK‡ÿ ev AbÎI msMÖn Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkLbdj AR©‡b †h Ávb I `ÿZv AvqZ¡

Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Zv AR©‡bi Rb¨ GB Kg©Kv‡Ûi mv‡_ mv‡_ Bbdi‡gkb wkU, wkLb Kvh©µg I †mjd

‡PK av‡c av‡c Abykxjb Ki‡Z n‡e| wbw`©ó Kg© cÖwµqvi ms‡M cÖmw½K Ab¨vb¨ wkÿYxq welq I

Kgx©‡`i‡K AvqZ¡ Ki‡Z n‡e|

avivevwnK fv‡e Rvbvi Rb¨ m~wPc‡Î, wkKbKvh©µg, wkLbdj, Z_¨cÎ, †mjd †PK Ges DËic‡Î c„ôv

b¤^i e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB c„ôv b¤^I Avcbvi †hvM¨Zv AR©b Abywkj‡bi †ivWg¨vc wn‡m‡e KvR

Ki‡e| wbw`©ó cv‡Vi mv‡_ mwVK mnvqK Dcv`vb m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi Rb¨ ÕwkLb Kvh©µgÕ c„ôvwU †`L‡Z

n‡e|

Z_¨cθ‡jv co–b| G¸‡jv Avcbvi KvR m¤ú‡K© mwVK aviYv Ges mywbw`ófv‡e KvR eyS‡Z mn‡hvwMZv

Ki‡e| Bbdi‡gkb wkU cov †kl K‡I †mjd †PK-Gi cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi cÖ`vb Kiæb|

wkLb MvB‡Wi Z_¨cÎ Abymib K‡I †mjd †PK Kiæb| †mjd †PK m¤úbœ Ki‡j Avcwb eyS‡Z cvi‡eb †h, Avcbvi †Kgb DbœwZ n‡q‡Q| †mjd †PK AskwU †Kgb Ki‡jb Zv Rvbv ev †evSvi Rb¨ DËicÎ †`Lyb|

Kvh©µgc‡Î wb‡`©wkZ mKj Kg©KvÛ m¤úbœ Kiæb| GLv‡bB Avcwb bZzb `ÿZv AR©b K‡I Avcbvi bZzb Ávb‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cvi‡eb|

GB gwWDj Abyhvqx KvR Kivi mgq wbivcËv welqwU m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb _vK‡eb| †Kv‡bv wKQz Rvbvi _vK‡j cÖkœ Ki‡eb| mnvqZvKvix‡K cÖkœ Ki‡Z ms‡KvP Ki‡eb bv|

GB wkLb MvB‡W wb‡`©wkZ mKj KvR †kl Kivi ci AwR©Z †hvM¨Zv g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e †h Avcwb cieZx© Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Dchy³ Zv g~j¨q‡bi Rb¨ GKUv hvPvB cÖwµqvi Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡e|

 

gwWD‡ji wk‡ivbvg: KvwUs †j`vi evB n¨vÛ (nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvUv)

gwWD‡ji eY©bv

GB gwWD‡j †gwkb Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Ávb, `ÿZv I `„wófw½, BZ¨vw` AšÍf’³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB `ÿZv Avcbv‡K nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvU‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| ZvQvov Pvgov KvUvi Rb¨ Kx Kx hš¿ I miÄvgvw` jvM‡e ZvI wVK Ki‡Z GB gwWDj Avcbv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

b~b¨Zg mgqKvj: 50 N›Uv

wkLbdj

GB gwWDjwU m¤úbœ Kivi ci wkÿv_x©iv-

1| IGBPGm Abykxjb I ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

2| IqvK© †÷kb cÖ¯‘Z I ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

3| KvUvi Rb¨ Pvgov wba©viY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

4| nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvU‡Z cvi‡eb|

5| Pvgovi UzKiv †PK-AvDU Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

6| Kv‡Ri RvqMv cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

A¨v‡mm‡g›U µvB‡Uwiqv

wbgwjwLZ gvb`‡Ûi wfwˇZ GKRb cÖwkÿYv_x©I `ÿZv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e-

1| cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY I †gwkb e¨env‡ii Av‡M, e¨envi Kv‡j Ges e¨env‡ii c‡i mKj wewa-weavb Ges wbivcËvg~jK welqvw` h_vh_fv‡e †g‡b KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

2| wec`¾bK Ges ÎæwUc~Y© hš¿vcvwZ wPwýZ K‡I mywbw`©ó c×wZ Abyhvqx e¨env‡ii Av‡M, mgq Ges e¨env‡ii c‡I †givgZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

3| e¨vw³MZ wbivcËvRwbZ †cvkvK (wcwcB) e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

4| KviLvbvq e¨eüZ c×wZ Abymv‡I IqvK© †÷kb ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

5| KvUvi DcKiY Ges c¨vUvb©, wba©vwiZ KvR, Zvi AvKvi Ges KviLvbvi gvwj‡Ki wb‡`©kg‡Zv wba©viY I cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

6| KvUvi cÖ¯‘ZKv‡j mKj DcKiY msMÖn, msiÿY I evQvB Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

7| KvUvi †evW© wbqwgZ cwi®‹vi Ges iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

8| hveZxq †iKW© msiÿY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

9| Pvgov KvUvi mgq Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv `vM, ÎæwU BZ¨vw` i‡q‡Q wKbv Zv mZK©Zvi mv‡_ †PK Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

10| AcPq Kg K‡I wkí KviLvbv Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK Pvgovi wewfbœ Ask Ges UzK‡iv¸‡jv c¨vUvb© Abyhvqx evQvB Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

11| c¨vUvb©, Qzwi Ges KvUvi †ev‡W©I ÎæwU wPwýZ K‡i †givg‡Zi Rb¨ cvVv‡Z cvi‡eb|

12| me©wb¤œ AcPq K‡i KvUvi Qzwi Ges c¨vUvb© e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q wKbv|

13| c¨vUvb©mg~n ¯’vcbKv‡j wPwýZ ÎæwU Gwo‡q Pj‡Z cvi‡eb|

14| c¨vUvb© Gi AvK…wZ, MVb Ges Pvgovi gvb-Gi mv‡_ Pvgov KvUvi †KŠkj Lvc Lvq wKbv Zv mbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

15| mvBR Abyhvqx Pvgovi UzKiv KvU‡Z Ges †MÖBb c¨vUvb©, Kvjvi †kW Gi mv‡_ mwbœwnZ Pvgov Lvc Lvq wKbv Zv wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

16| wkíKviLvbv KZ…K© wba©vwiZ Kv‡Ri bgybvi gvbm¤úbœ ¸bv¸b wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ KZ©bK…Z `ªe¨ †PK Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

17| evwZj Kiv UzKivmg~n h_vh_fv‡e ¯’vbvšÍwiZ Ges Gi †iKW© msiÿY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

18| Kg©‡ÿ‡Îi gvb Abyhvqx Kg©‡ÿÎ Ges hš¿cvwZ cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

19| †Kv¤úvwbi AvBb Abyhvqx eR©¨ AcmviY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|


সম্পন্ন হয়েছে

wkLbdj-1: IqvK© †÷kb cÖ¯‘Z I ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

welqe¯‘y

1| wkíKviLvbvi wbqg Abyhvqx IqvK© †÷kb ¯’vcb

2| gvwj‡Ki Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK mywbw`©ó Lv‡Ri mvBR I c¨vUb© wbe©vPb Ges cÖ¯‘Z|

3| Pvgov KvUvi Rb¨ msMÖn, evQvB Ges †j-AvDU cÖ¯ÍyZ Kiv|

4| wbqwgZ Kv‡Ri Ask wn‡m‡e KvwUs †evW© cwi®‹vi I msiÿY Kiv|

5| †iKW© msiÿY Kiv|

A¨v‡mm‡g›U µvB‡Uwiqv

1| wkíKviLvbvi wbqg Abyhvqx IqvK© †ókb ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

2| gvwj‡Ki mywbw`©ó Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK, Pvgov KvUvi hš¿cvwZ I c¨vUvb© wbe©vPb Ges cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

3| Pvgov KvUvi c͇֯Zi Rb¨ DcKiY msMÖn, evQvB Ges †j-AvDU Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

4| KvwUs †evW© cwi®‹vi I msiÿY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

5| †iKW© msiÿY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

kZ©vewj

cÖwkÿYv_x©‡`i‡K wb¤œ ewY©Z miÄvgvw` Aek¨B mieivn Ki‡Z n‡e-

j¨vcUc

GjwmwW

wkLb DcKiY

Pvgov KvUvi DcKiY I miÄvg

c¨vUvb© KvwUs

 

wkLb Kvh©µg

wkLbdj: IqvK© †÷kb cÖ¯‘Z I ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wkLb Kvh©µg

IqvK© †÷kb cÖ¯‘Z I ¯’vcb|

we‡kl wb‡`©kbv

Bbdi‡gkb wkU 1.1-1 co–b|

‡mjd †PK 1.1-1 Gi DËi cÖ`vb Kiæb Ges DËic‡Îi mv‡_ wgwj‡q wbb|

Pvgov KvUvi hš¿cvwZ I miÄvg

Pvgov GKwU KwVb I †UKmB e¯‘| ZvB GwU KvUvI Lye KwVb| wewfbœ miÄvg I DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ wewfbœfv‡e Pvgov KvUv nq| Pvgov KvUvi wewfbœ DcKiY wb‡P D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv-

KvUvi (Pvgov KvUvi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq)

KuvwP (Pvgov KvUvi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv nq)

KvwUs †evW©| Gi Dci Pvgov KvUv nq|

Avc‡nvj‡÷wi Qzwi

‡d«Ý Kve©-Kve© jvBb wPwýZ Ki‡Z GwU e¨eüZ nq|

Pvgov KvUvi eo KuvwP|

MRKvwV

iæjvi

Pvgovi Qzwi

‡Mvj n¨v‡Ûj Pvgovi Qzwi

KvwUs c¨vUvb©

‡Uªwms †cwÝj-KvwUs jvBb wPwýZ Ki‡Z GwU e¨eüZ nq|

c¨vUvb© KvwUs-Gi Ab¨vb¨ D`vniY

KvwUs c¨vUvb©: GB c¨vUvb©wU e¨envi K‡i nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvUv nq|

 

 

1| Pvgov KvU‡Z Kx Kx DcKiY e¨eüZ nq?

2| †d«Ý Kv‡e©i D‡Ïk¨ Kx?

3| Pvgov KvUvi Rb¨ wewfbœ miÄvg I DcKiY †Kb cÖ‡qvRb?

 

1| Pvgov KvUvi DcKiYmg~n-

K. KvUvi

L. KuvwP

M. KvwUs †evW©

N. †d«Ý Kve©

O. MRKvwV A_ev iæjvi

P. Avc‡nvj‡÷wi Qzwi

Q. KvwUs c¨vUvb© jvBb

R. †Uªwms †cwÝj

2| Kve© jvBb wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ †d«Ý Kve© e¨eüZ nq|

3| Pvgov GKwU KwVb I †UKmB e¯‘| GwU KvUv Lye KwVb| ZvB Pvgov KvU‡Z wewfbœ iK‡gi hš¿cvwZ I DcKi‡Yi `iKvi nq|


welqe¯‘

1| Pvgov Lye mZK©Zvi mv‡_ cixÿv Kiv hv‡Z KvUvi mgq Gi `vM, ÎæwU, BZ¨vw` bv _v‡K|

2| wkíKviLvbvi cÖ‡qvR‡b, Pvgovi wewfbœ Ask evQvB K‡i Avjv`v Kiv hv‡Z c¨vUvb© Kivi mgq AcPq Kg nq|

A¨v‡mm‡g›U µvB‡Uwiqv

1| Pvgov KvUvi mgq we‡ePbv Kiv nq †hb †Kv‡bv `vM ev ÎæwU bv _v‡K Pv mZK©Zvi mv‡_ cixÿv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

2| AcPq Kg K‡i KviLvbvi Pvwn`vi wfwˇZ Pvgovi wewfbœ Ask evQvB K‡i c¨vUvb© Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

kZ©vewj

j¨vcUc

GjwmwW

wkLb DcKiY

Pvgov KvUvi DcKiY I miÄvgvw`

c¨vUvb© KvwUs|

wkLb Kvh©µg

wkLbdj: KvUvi Rb¨ Pvgov hvPvB Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wkLbKvh©µg

wkíKviLvbvi Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK Pvgov cixÿv I evQvB Kiv|

we‡kl wb‡`©kbv

Bbdi‡gkb wkU 1.2-1 co–b|

‡mjd †PK 1.2-1 Gi DËi cÖ`vb Kiæb Ges DËic‡Îi mv‡_ wgwj‡q wbb|

Pvgov I Pvgovi ˆewkó¨

D‡Ïk¨

GB Bbdi‡gkb wkUwU covi ci Pvgov Ges Gi ˆewkó¨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

Pvgov Kx?

Pvgov m¤ú‡K© e„wUk ó¨vÛvW© msÁv n‡jv ÓPvgov ev Z¡K ZšÍgq| GwU AvK…wZ‡Z Kg-‡ewk AÿZ _v‡K| G‡K B¯úy‡Uªwmej Kivi Rb¨ cÖwµqvRvZ Ki‡Z nq| Pvgov †_‡K Pzj ev ckg Qov‡bv n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi bvI n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e wefbœ ¯Í‡I ev As‡k wef³ Pvgov Z¡K †_‡K cÖwµqvRvZ Kiv nq| GwU Av‡M-c‡i LwÛZ nq (we Gm: 2780)|Ó

ÒPvgovi mvi‡dm Gi Dci †h cwigvY Av”Qv`b jvMv‡bv nq Zv G‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i-G‡K cÖK…Z Pvgov wn‡m‡e eY©bv Kiv †nvK ev bv †nvK|Ó

ÒPvgovi Dcwifv‡M Av”Qv`b _vK‡j mvi‡dm ¯Í‡ii NbZ¡ Kg-‡ewk 0.15 GgGg nq| GwU mvgwMÖK Nb‡Z¡I kZKiv 30 Gi †ewk nq bv| weGm: 2780|ÕÕ

evRv‡i wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii PvgovRvZ `ªe¨ wewµ n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e Gi †ewkifv&MB Pvgov bq| GwU Avm‡j Pvgovi Bwg‡Ukb| wb‡P G‡`i wKQz eY©bv †`qv n‡jv-

e‡ÛW †j`vi dvBevi

Ò Pvgov ev Z¡K ZšÍgq AvK…wZ‡Z Kg-‡ewk gReyZ _v‡K| cÖwµqvRvZ Pvgvov hw` hvwš¿Kfv‡e LwÛZ nq A_ev ivmqwbKfv‡e Zš‘gq cvwU©‡Kj ev gj wc‡P ev cvDWv‡i iæcvšÍwiZ Kiv nq, ZLb Zv‡K evBwÛs G‡R›U w`‡q ev bv w`‡q wm‡U cwiYZ Kiv nq| Gme wmU Avm‡j Pvgov bq|Ó weGm: 2780

GBiæc e‡ÛW †j`vi iO-Gi Pvgovi KvVv‡gv‡K wewfbœ cÖKv‡I ms‡hvwRZ Kiv m¤¢e|

myweavmg~n

m¯Ív

GKB KvwUs GjvKv

 

Amyweavmg~n

Pvgov bq

`~e©j I bgbxq

‡UKmB bq

Kg kw³i

‡`‡L Kg `vwg g‡b nq

 

 †Kv‡UW †j`vi ev Av”Qvw`Z Pvgov

ÒGwU GKwU `ªe¨ hvi cyiæZ¡ kZKiv 30 fv‡Mi †ewk bq| wKšÍ 0.15 GgGg Gi AwaK|Ó

 Pvgovi †MÖBb mvB‡Wi w`‡K A‡cÿvK…Z AÜKvi GjvKvq cÖK…Z Av”Qv`vb _v‡K| GwU ivmvqwbK c`v‡_©I wgkÖ‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ MwVZ nq| †hgb- cwjBDwiw_‡bi wgkb| Z‡e Gi wdwbks Gi cyiæZ¡ 0.15 GgGg Gi †ewk| ZvB G‡K mwVK Pvgov ejv hvq bv|

 

 

myweavmg~n

mvgÄm¨c~Y© mvi‡dm (c„ô‡`k)

Amyweav

‡`L‡Z ¯^vfvweK bq

wQ`ªhy³ bq

wdwRK¨vj Kvh©KvwiZv Kg, bgbxq I `ye©j|

†jwg‡b‡UW Pvgov

‡jwg‡b‡UW Pvgovi ˆewkó n‡jv-GwU `y Bev Z‡ZvwaK ¯Íi wewkô †hŠwMK, †hLv‡b †jwg‡bU Kiv w`KUv gvsmj w`‡Ki mv‡_ mshy³ Kiv nq nq| GBiæc Pvgov Ges e‡ÛW Pvgovi cv_©K¨ n‡jv, †jwg‡b‡UW

Pvgovi cyiæZ¡ Pvgovi mvwe©K cyi‡Z¡I †P‡q kZKiv 30 fvM †ewk|

myweav

c„ô‡`k gm„Y

wKQzUv bgbxq Ges gReyZ

iwOb I PKP‡K

Amyweav

‡`L‡Z ¯^vfvweK bq

wQ`ªhy³ bq

wdwRK¨vj Kvh©KvwiZv (cvidig¨vÝ) †Zgb fv‡jv bq (fOzi)

 

GjvKv

GKwU c~Y©v½ Pvgov †`‡L cÖ_‡gB Avcwb AevK n‡q hv‡eb| GwU Avcbvi aviYvi †P‡q A‡bK eo Zv bq, GwU Zvi †P‡qI A‡bK eo|

‰ewk‡ó¨I w`K †_‡K cïi kix‡ii wewfbœ As‡ki Pvgov Avjv`v| †h‡Kv‡bv `ªe¨ cÖ¯‘‡Zi mgq G¸‡jv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| cïi Pvgovi cyiæZ¡ wewfbœ As‡k Kg †ewk nq| we‡kl KvwUs h‡š¿I mvnvh¨ GB cyiæZ¡ mwVK ch©v‡q Avb‡Z nq| Pvgovi cÖavb Ask¸‡jv wb‡P D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv-

Kuva

Kuva cyiæ Ges k³ nq| wKšÍ Pvgovi GB AskwU bovPovi Kvi‡Y fuvRhy³ nq|

evU : GB As‡ki Z𑏇jv k³iæ‡c c¨vK Kiv _v‡K| ZvB G¸‡jv Pvgovi me‡P‡q k³ Ask|

‡cU : GB Pvgov Zzjbvg~jK cvZjv| wc‡Vi Pvgovi †P‡q GB As‡ki Pvgov wX‡jXvjv nq| †ewk Pvc jvM‡j m¤úªmvwiZ nq|

eMj (A¨vw·jv): gvby‡li evûi b¨vq Ask| GB Ask Lye bovPov K‡i| †m Kvi‡Y Gi Avu‡ki KvVv‡gv LyeB wX‡jXvjv| †c‡Ui As‡ki †P‡q GwU †ewk ms‡e`bkxj nq|

cÖK…Z Pvgovi cÖKvi‡f`

wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii cÖK…Z Pvgov i‡q‡Q| wb‡P Gi ZvwjKv †`qv n‡jv-

ms‡kvwaZ †MÖBb(

G¸‡jv †gŠwjK Pvgov hv me©Î cvIqv hvq| GB ms‡kwaZ †MÖB‡b Av”Qvw`Z wdwbk Av‡Q| Gi mvnv‡h¨ GwU GKB Abyfe I cÖwZiÿv Av”Qv`b ˆZwi K‡i| GwUi i‡q‡Q gm„Y wdwbk, wKšÍ GwU D”P †MÖ‡Wi b¨vq †RŠjykc~Y© bq| dvwb©Pv‡ii †`vKv‡b Gi e¨vcK Pvwn`v i‡q‡Q| ms‡kvwaZ †MÖBb Zv‡`i cQ›` hviv fv‡jv k³ Pvgov cwiavb Ki‡Z Pvq| GwU cwi®‹vi I Kg g~‡j¨I nq|

DrK…ó eY©/Aa© iwOb Pvgov ev †mwg-Gwbwjb

Lye big gm„Y cxZ e‡Y©I Pvgov ZvivB Pvq hviv PvgovRvZ `ªe¨ n‡Z big I DT AbyfywZ †c‡Z Pvq| G¸‡jv AvaywbK my¨U Ges emvi big wRwb‡m e¨eüZ nq| DrK…ó e‡Y©I Pvgov my›`ifv‡e msiwÿZ _v‡K Ges ˆ`bw›`b e¨env‡ii Rb¨ fv‡jv| G¸‡jv Av`k© gv‡bi †Kv‡UW Av”Qvw`Z Pvgovi †P‡q AwaKZi big I †RŠjmc~Y©|

 

w`¸b cyiæZ¡

GB K¨UvMwii Pvgov ¯^vfvweK Pvgov ¯^vfvweK Pvgovi †P‡q `yB ¸Y †ewk cyiæ Ges LyeB †UKmB nq| GwU eo evmvq Ges eM©vKvi bKkvq PgrKvi †`Lvq| w`¸Y cyiæ Pvgovq _v‡K fvix eY© Ges G¸‡jv fv‡jvfv‡e msiwÿZI _v‡K| ZvQvov ˆ`bw›`b Ges fvix Kv‡R e¨env‡ii Rb¨ Lye Dc‡hvMx|

AwZwi³ cyiæ Pvgov

G¸‡jv cÖvq w`¸Y cyiæ Pvgovi g‡Zv| Z‡e G¸‡jv ¯^vfvweK Pvgovi Zzjbvq 1.5 ¸Y †ewk cyiæ nq| G¸‡jv k³ †cvkv‡Ki Rb¨ me‡P‡q fv‡jv| `vgI †ewk|

¯^vfvweK (cÖvK…wZK) AvVvhy³ Pvgov

AvRKvj evRv‡i G¸‡jvB †ewk cÖPwjZ| AvaywbK I mgmvgwqK mgq G¸‡jv †`L‡Z A™¢yZ my›`i| Gi cÖvK…wZK ˆewkô¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨| AuvPo jvM‡jI G¸‡jv cybivq iO Kivi Rb¨ Dchy³| G¸‡jv †gvQv hvq Ges G‡Z we‡kl wµg e¨envi Kiv hvq| hviv ¯^vfvweK I big Pvgov Pvq Zv‡`i Rb¨ G RvZxq Pvgov LyeB Dchy³|

c~Y©gvÎvq iwOY Pvgov

GwU me‡P‡q †ewk big Ges †RŠjmc~Y© Pvgov hv eZ©gv‡b me©Î cvIqv hvq| †Kv‡bv Av”Qv`b QvovB G‡Z kZfvM iO _v‡K| GwU †`L‡ZI my›`I jv‡M| `„wó b›`b Ges Avivg wcÖq‡`i Rb¨ GB Pvgov DËg| G‡Z nvjKv myiÿv Av”Qv`b _v‡K| G‡Z c~Y©v½ iO Kiv _v‡K Ges †gvghy³ Pvgovi b¨vq AuvPo jv‡M bv| GB Pvgovi g~j¨ †ewk| m¤¢e n‡j GwU‡K RyZvi Dc‡ii Pvgov wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

memgq Pvgov‡K Nywi‡q Nywi‡q eM©vK…wZ ivLvi †Pôv Ki‡Z nq Ges Gi wb‡Pi Ask cÖ_‡g LvU‡Z nq|

Kv‡Ri mgq wbweofv‡e cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e Pvgovq †Kv‡bv wP`ª ev †Kv‡bv ÎæwU Av‡Q wKbv| _vK‡j †mBme ¯’v‡b PK w`‡q wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e †hb †m¸‡jv mn‡hB eySv hvq| µvdU Pvgov KvUvi mgq Lye mZK©Zvi mv‡_ cÖwZeviB fv‡jvfv‡e cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|

Pvgov wbe©vPb

KuvPvgvj: D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ wgj †i‡L Pvgov wbe©vPb Kiv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| †hgb-gwnjv‡`i nvjKv cwi”Qv` ˆZwii Rb¨ Miæi Pvgov Dchy³ bq| gReyZ nvév Pvgov `iKvi n‡j eo Ges c~Y© eq‡mi †fovi Pvgov h_vh_ n‡e bv| KviY Zv 0.7 wgwg gvÎvq KvU‡j `ye©j n‡Z cv‡i| †gŠmy‡gi ZviZ‡g¨ Pvgovi ¸Y I AvKv‡ii ZviZg¨ n‡e Ges Zv Li‡Pi Ici cÖfve †dj‡e| GLv‡b †Kv‡bv aivevav wbqg †bB| Z‡e Avcbv‡K KuvPvgv‡ji cÖKvi, cÖK…wZ BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© Ges Zv‡`i mnRvZ ˆewkô¨ m¤ú‡K© mKj aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e| G¸‡jv Rvbv _vK‡j Avcwb fv‡jvfv‡e KvR ïiæ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

Pvgovi aiY

Pvgovi wewfbœ ai‡bi ev wewfbœ bgybv _vK‡e| wKšÍ g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ Pvgovi bgybv evQvB h_vh_ n‡q‡Q wKbv| iwÄZ Ges Aa©-iwÄZ Pvgov `vM m¤^wjZ Ges wbDevK Pvgovi †P‡q Aw`KZi MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e| wcM‡g‡›UW Pvgov cÖK…Z Pvgovi g‡ZvB Z‡e cÖK…wZK fve/`„wó‡MvPiZv Kg _v‡K| iwOb Ges ˆZjv³ wbDevK G mn‡RB gqjv a‡i hvq Ges Zv cwi®‹vi Kiv KóKi nq| wcw”Qj, †gvghy³ Ges wbDevK  Pvgovi iO gyQ‡Z mgm¨v nq|

Pvgovi ¸Y

ÒBU †MU †nvqvU BD †c diÓ GB cyiv‡bv Dw³wU G‡ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvh¨| UvKv KZUv Kg †`qv hvq †mUv we‡ePbvq bv G‡b eis fv‡jv ¸Ym¤úbœ Pvgovi Rb¨ †ewk LiP Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` †Kv‡bv cwi‡”Q‡`i `vg Kgv‡bv nq Zvn‡j Pvgov n‡e mÂq Kivi DËg ¯’vb|

bgybvKiY

G†ÿ‡Î cÖ_wgK ¯Í‡iB Pvgovi ¸Y m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ n‡Z nq| Gici wbw`©ó Ki‡Z nq wdwbkW †cvkv‡K †KvbwU MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e ev †KvbwU n‡e bv| Avcwb hw` m‡e©v”P ¸Y m¤úbœ Auvk (bvàv) †c‡Z Pvb Z‡e Gi g~‡j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡e| civgk© n‡jv fv‡jv AvK…wZi Pvgovi bgybv Ges Av½y‡ji Qvc †idv‡iÝ wn‡m‡e msiÿY Ki‡Z n‡e|

¸b

Pvgov µq A_ev wbw`©óKi‡Yi mgq m‡PZb _vK‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Pvgov †MÖwWs Kiv ev mew¤^Zfv‡e wbe©vPb Kiv nq| †MÖwWs Kiv n‡j Pvgovi ÷¨vÛvW© wbY©q Kiv n‡e| ZLb †MÖW Abyhvqx Mv‡g©›Um c¨v‡b‡ji †ÿ‡Î e¨envi Kiv hvq|

wfbœZv

Pvgov GKwU cÖvK…wZK e¯Í| ZvB wbe©vP‡bi †ÿ‡Î Gi cÖKvi‡f` Aek¨B MÖnY‡hvM¨ I ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| ZvB Pvgovi wfbœZv Aek¨B we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e| Drcv`‡bi mgq Kvh©Kwi cÖwµqv wbqš¿‡bi gva¨‡g GB wfbœZv me©wb¤œ ch©v‡q Avbv †h‡Z cv‡i| Avevi †gŠmygx cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ Pvgovi ¸Y I AvKv‡I cwieZ©‡bi welqwU we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e| bgybv ¯úó K‡i wfbœZv wVK K‡i cÖwZwU †Wwjfvix †÷vi †_‡K MÖn‡Yi cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡Z n‡e|

Pvgovi cÖK…wZK `vM m¤úwK©Z aviYv

Av‡gwiKvb †nvg A¨vcjv‡qÝ

‡j`vi GWz‡Kkb eyK‡jU

 †MÖBwb-cÖwZwU cïi Pvgov †`L‡Z gvby‡li AvOz‡ji Qv‡ci g‡Zv| GwU dzj †MÖBb Pvgovi Qvc| Pvgov we‡kl GwU Avjv`v nq| GB Qv‡ci cv_©K¨ GKwU Pvgovi g‡a¨I _vK‡Z cv‡i|

e¨ªwÛs wPý- eªvÛ wPý e¨envi Kiv nq Pvgov wPwýZKi‡Yi Rb¨| GwU g~jZ cÖwZwU Pvgovi Ask|

cÖmvwiZKiY wPý- cïi ev”Pv cÖmeKv‡j Pvgov cÖmvwiZ nq| GwU Pvgovq ¯’vqx wn‡m‡e †_‡K hvq|

 

†m‡i hvIqv `vM- (wnjW gvK©)- AiwÿZ Rxe‡bi Kvi‡Y Pvgovq AuvP‡oi b¨vq `vM c‡i _v‡K| cÖK…Z c‡ÿ Pvgov †h D”P eY©gq GwU ZviB cÖgvY| †h mKj Pvgovq `vM Kg _v‡K †m¸‡jv AwaK g~j¨evb| Z‡e GBme `vM Pvgovi ¯’vwq‡Z¡ †Kv‡bv cÖfve †d‡j bv| GBiæc `v‡Mi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q †cvKvgvKo Ges †Lvjv Zv‡ii AvNvZRwbZ `vM|

 

‡cvKv gvKi/Kx‡Ui Kvg‡oi `vM- GBme `vM AwZwi³ †cvKv gvKi ev Kx‡Ui Kvg‡oi Kvi‡Y m„wó nq| GBme `vM ïKvq wKš‘ `„k¨gvb `vM wn‡m‡e Pvgovq †cvKv †_‡K hvq|

 

Pwe© ewj‡iLv-ewj‡iLv mvaiYZ wX‡jXvjv Z¡‡K nq| G¸‡jv Nv‡ii Pvwiw`‡K Ges Miæi †c‡Ui wb‡P n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e Nvm LvIqv I mvwe©K e„w×I Rb¨ GBme ¯’v‡bi Z¡K Aek¨B wX‡jXvjv _vK‡e|

 

wki`uvov- cïi kixie„Ëxq (wdwRIjwRK¨vj) Kvi‡Y cÖK…wZMZfv‡eB Nvo eiei mKj Pvgovq GBiæc bvjv n‡q _v‡K|

 

Pvgovi †kÖYxwefvM

G-UvBc-iÄK c`v_©

GwU AveiYhy³ Pvgov| G‡Z i‡Oi Rb¨ iÄK c`v_© e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| hv c‡I ïK‡bv, big I bgbxq n‡q‡Q|

‡Kv‡bv cÖwZiÿvg~jK wdwbwks †bB|

Pvgov †f‡` Ges GKB cïi Pvgovi g‡a¨ AveiY wfbœ wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i|

D”Pgv‡bi cÖwZiÿvg~jK msiÿY cÖ‡qvRb|

Pvgovi DcwifvM AuvP‡oi †ÿ‡Î ms‡e`bkxj|

we‡kvlK

‡gvg, †Zj BZ¨vw`I †ÿ‡Î we‡kl cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i|

 

 

Wc-UvBc-msiwÿZ (†cÖv‡UK‡UW)

GwU Kve©b AveiYhy³ Pvgov| GwU iO Kivi Rb¨ iÄK WvBm e¨envi Kiv nq| d‡j Pvgovi ¯^vfvweK is wVK _v‡K| D”Pgv‡bi cÖwZiÿvg~jK †KvU wdwbk K‡i ïKbv, big I bgbxq Kiv nq|

cwic~Y© A_ev AvswkK ms‡kvwaZ n‡Z cv‡i|

Kg gvÎvi cÖwZiÿvi e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvRb|

Pvgovi Dc‡ii c„‡ô ev mvi‡d‡m AuvPo cov KwVb|

me‡P‡q Kg we‡kvlK

G‡Z we‡kl cÖfve _vK‡Z cv‡i| wKšÍ Zv mxwgZ bq| †hgb-n¨vÛ Gw›UwKD, m¨vfR BZ¨vw`|

Gb-UvBc-wbDevK

GwU AveiYhy³ Pvgov| G‡Z i‡Oi Rb¨ iÄK WvBm e¨envi Kiv nq Ges c‡i ïK‡bv, big I bgbxq nq|

Dc‡ii mvi‡d‡m `„k¨gvb b¨vc _v‡K|

Pvgov †f‡` Ges GKB Pvgovi g‡a¨ wfbœ wfbœ AveiY n‡Z cv‡i|

D”Pgv‡bi iÿYv‡eÿY e¨e¯’vcbv cÖ‡qvRb|

Pvgovi Dc‡ii c„ô ev mvi‡d‡m AuvP‡oi †ÿ‡Î ms‡e`bkxj|

AvVv, †Zj BZ¨vw`I †ÿ‡Î we‡kl cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Zv mxwgZ bq|

 

Pvgovi wKQz †`vl-ÎæwU

1| i‡Oi AwZ D¾jZv|

2| Pvgov Qvov‡bvi KvUv|

3| wkivi `vM|

4| Lvivc AveR©bvhy³ GjvKv QvUvB|

5| Lvivc iO|

6| Pvgov †Zvjvi `vM ev MZ©|

7| Kx‡Ui Kvg‡oi `vM|

8| e„w×RwbZ `vM|

 

i‡Oi D¾jZv- gv‡S gv‡S mv`v Kvco w`‡q i‡Oi D¾jZv cixÿvi mgq mgm¨v nq| wfRv mv`v Kvc‡oi UzKiv w`‡q †gvUvgywU wgkevi Pvgovi Dc‡ii c„‡ô ev mvi‡d‡m Nlvi ci iO †ei bvI n‡Z cv‡i|

Pvgov Qvov‡bvi KvUv- mvaviYZ Pvgov n‡jv RevBK…Z cïi DcRvZ `ªe¨| Avi cÖavb `ªe¨ n‡jv gvsm| cïi †`n †_‡K Pvgov Qov‡bvi mgq fzjfv‡e Qzwi Pvjv‡bvi d‡j H Pvgov †K‡U †h‡Z cv‡i ev `vM co‡Z cv‡i| GB KvUv ev `vM Pvgovi gvsmj w`‡K †`Lv hvq|

wkivi `vM- Pvgov cvKv Kivi ci gm„Y Pvgovi c„ô‡`‡ki wdwb‡k wkiv †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| GwU cÖavbZ QvM‡ji Pvgovi Ges gv‡S gv‡S QvMj Qvbvi †ÿ‡Î cvIqv hvq| GiKg Mfxi wkivi `vM gvsmj w`‡K †ewk †`Lv hvq|

 

Kx‡Ui Kvg‡oi `vM- KxUi³ Pz‡l †bqvi Rb¨ Zvi gv_v cïi kix‡ii Pvgovi wfZi MZ© K‡I XzwK‡q †`q| GKB mv‡_ †m cïi kix‡I wel cÖ‡ek Kivq| Gici gv_v †ei K‡i Av‡b|

1| Pvgov Kx?

2| Kx Kx cÖKv‡ii PvgovRvZ `ªe¨ wewµ n‡”Q Ges Hme `ªe¨‡K Pvgov wn‡m‡e eY©bv Kiv n‡”Q cÖK…Zc‡ÿ H¸‡jv K…wÎg Pvgov|

3| cïi kix‡I MuyZv †`qv Ask n‡Z cÖvß Pvgovi ˆewkó¨ Kx Kx?

4| cÖK…Z Pvgov KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx?

5| Pvgovi 8wU †`vl-ÎæwU wjwce× Kiæb|

 

1| Pvgovi msÁv e„wUk ÷¨vÛvW©

Pvgov m¤ú‡K© e„wUk ó¨vÛvW© msÁv ÒPvgov ev Z¡K Zš‘gq| GwU AvK…wZ‡Z Kg ev †ewk AÿZ _v‡K| G‡K B¯úy‡Uªwmej Kivi Rb¨ cÖwµqvRvZ Ki‡Z nq| Pvgov †_‡K Pzj ev ckg Qvov‡bv n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi bvI n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e wewfbœ ¯Í‡i ev As‡k wef³ Pvgov ev Z¡K †_‡K cÖwµqvRvZ Kiv nq| GwU Av‡M-c‡i LwÛZ nq|

2| LuvwU bq Ggb wZb ai‡bi Pvgov wb¤œiæc-

(K) e‡ÛW Pvgovi Auvk ev ZšÍ

(L) Av”Qvw`Z Pvgov

(M) †jwg‡b‡UW Pvgov

3| cïi kix‡ii MuyZv †`qv Ask n‡Z cÖvß Pvgov hv k³fv‡e c¨vK Kiv _v‡K Ges †m Kvi‡Y Zv nq Pvgovi me‡P‡q †UKmB Ask|

4| wewfbœ ai‡bi cÖK…Z Pvgov wb‡P D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv-

K) ms‡kvwaZ eY©

L) DrK…ó eY©/Aa© iÄK

M) w`¸Y cyiæZ¡

N) AwZwi³ cyiæ Pvgov

O) cÖvK…wZK †gvghy³ Pvgov

P) c~Y© iÄK Pvgov|

5| Pvgovi wKQz †`vl-ÎæwU-

K) i‡Oi AwZ D¾jZv

L) Pvgov Qvov‡bvi KvUv

M) wkivi `vM

N) Lvivc AveR©bvhy³ GjvKv QvUvB

O) Lvivc iO

P) Pvgov †Zvjvi `vM ev MZ©

Q) Kx‡Ui Kvg‡oi `vM

R) e„w×RwbZ `vM|


wkLbdj-3: nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvU‡Z cvi‡eb|

welqe¯‘

1| c¨vUvb©, Qzwi Ges KvwUs †ev‡W©i ÎæwU ev mgm¨v wPwýZKiY I †givgZ|

2| KvUvi Qzwi Ges c¨vUvb© e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g AcPq Kgv‡bv|

3| c¨vUvb© ms¯’vwcZ Kivi mgq ÎæwUi w`K¸‡jv wPwýZKiY I `~ixKiY|

4| c¨vUv‡b©i mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡Z KvwUs †KŠk‡ji e¨envi|

5| c¨vUvb© I i‡Oi mv‡_ KvUv UzKiv¸‡jv h_vh_fv‡e Lvc LvIqv‡bv|

A¨v‡mm‡g›U µvB‡Uwiqv

1| c¨vUvb©, Qzwi Ges KvwUs †ev‡W©i mgm¨v wPwýZKiY Ges †givg‡Zi Rb¨ †cÖiY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

2| AcPq Kgv‡Z KvwUs †evW©, Qzwi I c¨vUvb© e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

3| D”Pgvb m¤úbœ Pvgovi KvUv `vM, Ab¨vb¨ `vM I ÎæwUi †ÿθ‡jv wPwýZKiY Ges c¨vUvb© ms¯’vwcZ Kivi mgq ÎæwUmg~n ev` w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

4| c¨vUv‡b©i mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨ KvwUs †KŠkj e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

5| AvKv‡ii mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L UzK‡iv¸‡jvi c¨vUvb©, i‡Oi Avei‡Yi Av‡jv‡K Lvc LvIqv‡Z cvi‡eb|

 

kZ©vewj

j¨vcUc

GjwmwW

wkLb DcKiY

Pvgov KvUvi DcKiY I hš¿cvwZ

KvwUs c¨vUb©

 

 

wkLb Kvh©µg

wkLbdj: nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvU‡Z cvi‡eb|

wkLb Kvh©µg

wkíKviLvbvi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx Ges AcPq Kg K‡i Pvgov KvUv|

we‡kl wb‡`©kbv

Bbdi‡gkb wb‡`©kbv

Bbdi‡gkb wkU 1.3-1 co–b|

Kvh©m¤úv`b gvb`‡Ûi ZvwjKv 1.3-1 Gi gva¨‡g hvPvB Kiæb|

 

‡hfv‡e Pvgov KvU‡Z n‡e

Pvgov KvUvi DËg cš’v

Pvgov GKwU k³ Ges †UKmB e¯‘| ZvB Pvgov KvUv LyeB KwVb KvR| Pvgov KvUvi wewfbœ Dcvq Gi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Dcvq¸‡jv n‡jv-

‡mvRvmywR cÖvšÍ eivei

Dc‡hvMx Qzwi, we‡kl ai‡bi †jvg Qvov‡bv) KuvwP

‡ivUvwi Qzwi, g¨v‡jU KvwUs WvB, wK¬bvi WvB Ges †jRvi KvwUs c×wZ|

c¨vUvb© n‡jv AweKj Pvgov KvUvi cÖ_g avc| cÖ_vMZ c¨vUvb© ˆZwi Ki‡Z †cwÝj w`‡q KvM‡Ri Dci GKwU bKkv AvuK‡Z nq| c¨vUvb© ˆZwii Rb¨ Kw¤úDUvi WªBs †cÖvMÖvg e¨envi Kiv qvq| GRb¨ Pvgovi Dci KvM‡Ri c¨vUvb© ¯’vcb Kiæb| †mvRvmywR cÖvšÍ Dc‡hvMx Qzwi ev †ivUvwi KvUv‡ii mvnvh¨ KvUv ïiæ Kiæb| †ivUvwi KvUvi mwVKfv‡e e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡j cÖv‡šÍ †cŠQv‡bv hvq|

wbivcËvRwbZ mZK©Zv- GB h‡š¿I †eøW Lye aviv‡jv| ZvB GwU mveavbZvi mv‡_ e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj aviv‡jv hš¿cvwZ wkï‡`i †_‡K `~‡I ivL‡Z n‡e| †ivUvwi KvUvi e¨env‡ii mgq Pvgovi wb‡P ¯^wbivgq gv`yi e¨envi Kiæb| GB gv`yi Avcbvi †Uwej A_ev c„ô ÿwZMÖ¯’ bv nq Zv wbwðZ K‡i|

Pvgovi †jvg Qvov‡bvi we‡kl hš¿ GKUv wkí KuvwP| Gi i‡q‡Q Kiv‡Zi b¨vq KvUvKvUv †eøW| GwU w`‡q big Ges fvix Pvgov KvUv hvq| GKUv fv‡jv gv‡bi Pvgov KvUvi KuvwPi mvnv‡h¨ Lye mnR fv‡e Pvgov KvUv hvq|

Ÿzi, myB‡fj Qzwi, †mŠwLb Qzwi BZ¨vw` mvaviYfv‡e KvUvi hš¿cvwZi mv‡_ mswkøó| G¸‡jv †j`vi µvdU G e¨eüZ nq| cÖ_vMZfv‡e nvZ w`‡q KvUvi hš¿cvwZ †mŠwLb‡`i mvRm¾vi Rb¨ †j`vi Uzwjs G e¨eüZ nq| †mLv‡b Qzwii gZ †eøW _v‡K| GKUv †nvìvi _v‡K hv e¨enviKvixi g¨byqvjx e¨envi K‡i|

÷¨v¤ú KvUvi GKwU cwieZ©bkxj Kv‡Vi KvwUs hš¿| Gi mvnv‡h¨ mgvšÍivj miæ Pvgovi dvwj KvUv nq| G¸‡jv k³ ÷ª¨v¤ú †j`vi ev big Mvi‡g›U Pvgov KvU‡Z e¨envi Kiv nq| GwU 16 AvD‡Ýi 4 Bw Pvgov‡K KvU‡Z cv‡i|

wK¬bvi †cÖm GK cÖKvi †gwkb| hv big c`v‡_©I †ivj †_‡K wewfbœ AvKv‡I Kv‡U| †hgb- ivevi KvW©‡evW© A_ev Pvgov, aviv‡jv avZzi UzKiv- hv‡K WvB ejv nq| avZe hš¿cvwZ Ges WvB‡mi †`vKv‡b cvVvb©, †gvov‡bv, `„pfv‡e mshy³ hv Av‡MB aviv‡jv avZzi WvBm| KvwUs WvBm GKwU w÷‡ji KvwUs hš¿ hv wK¬bvi ‡cÖ‡mi mv‡_ e¨envi Kiv nq| †ccvi, †j`vi, ivevi, cøvwóK BZ¨vw` KvUvi Rb¨ KvwUs WvBm Dc‡hvwM| GQvovI, KvwUs WvBm, Iqvmvi WvBm, wUªwgs WvBm, nvB WvBm, †_ªW cvÂvWvBm †ivUvwi c¨v‡bj KvUvi, Kb©vi †eøW, ÷ª¨v¤ú WvBm, cÖf…wZ e¨envi Kiv nq|

‡jRv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Pvgov KvUvi cwigvY †e‡o‡Q| †jRv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Pvgov KvUv GKUv D”P `ÿZvi KvR| †jRvi †gwkb PvjK‡K Pvgov KvU‡Z †cÖvMÖvwgs Ki‡Z nq| Pvgov KvUvi G c×wZ‡Z mgq mvkÖq nq| †jRv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Pvgov KvUv LyeB mwVK Ges c¨vUvb© Gi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© nq|

Pvgov KvUvi Av‡iv wewfbœ c×wZ i‡q‡Q, †m¸‡jv KwVb Ges †UKmB| Gi mvnv‡h¨ †Kv‡bv e¯‘ KvUv KóKi| †QvU Drcv`bKvixi Rb¨ wK¬bvi A_ev †jRvi KvwUs WvB Dchy³ Ges Zv‡Z Drcv`bI ev‡o| eo Drcv`bKvwi mvaiYZ wK¬vbvi WvB A_ev †jRvi KvwUs c×wZ e¨envi K‡i| evmv evwo‡Z hviv KvR K‡i Zv‡`I Rb¨ Pvgov KvUvi fv‡jv c×wZ n‡jv Pvgov KvUvi KvuwP, Qzwi Ges †mvRv cÖvšÍ e¨envi K‡i|

nvZ w`‡q Kxfv‡e av‡c av‡c Pvgov KvUv nq Zvi GKwU D`vnviY wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv-

Pvgov KvUv

g¨vWMm †j`vi wUD‡Uvwiqvj

`iKvwi hš¿cvwZ

Kjg

Pvgov

c¨vUvb©

KuvwP (we‡kl ai‡bi Pvgovi †jvg Qov‡bv)

Nvw¯‹ Qzwi/‡j`vi Qzwi

c×wZ/cÖwµqv

evQvB K‡i wKQz Pvgov wbb| Zvici gvwK©s Kivi Rb¨ GKwU ej c‡q›U Kjg wbb| Aek¨ Av‡M †_‡KB Ab¨vb¨ hv `iKvi Zv †hvMvi ivL‡Z n‡e|

evQvB Kiv Pvgovi Dci GKwU c¨vUvb© emvb| Gici Kjg w`‡q gvwK©s Ki‡Z n‡e|

Zvici GKUv KuvwP w`‡q KvU‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b `y‡Uv welq g‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb| KuvwPi Dci gvÎvwZwi³ kw³ cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e bv ej cÖ‡qvM Ki‡j GwU †f‡½ hv‡e| (GBiæc NUbv AwaK msL¨K Pvgovi †ÿ‡Î cÖvqkB n‡q _v‡K) Pvgov cvZjv n‡j ej cÖ‡qvM Ki‡eb bv|

cÖKíwUi GB As‡k GwUB n‡e Avcbvi cÖavb KvwUs hš¿ ev nvwZqvi| Z‡e wKQz AwZwi³ †eøW nv‡Z ivLv cÖ‡qvRb| Pvgov KvUvi Rb¨ †eø‡Wi `y‡Uv  w`KB e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| hLb †eøW †fuvZv n‡q Avm‡e ZLb Zv avi †`Iqvi Rb¨ GKUv bvBd kvc©bvi e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|

c¨vUvb© web¨vm

Avcwb †hfv‡e fve‡Qb cÖ_‡gB Avcbv‡K G KvRwU Ki‡Z n‡e| Avcwb G cÖK‡í †ewk cwigvY Pvgov mvkÖ‡qi Dcvq †ei Ki‡Z Pvb| G Kv‡R mvaiYZ cÖPzi cwigvY AcPq n‡q _v‡K| GLv‡b GKUv Pvgovi ¾ As‡ki GKUv web¨vm i‡q‡Q| Ab¨ GKwU Pvgov †U‡b †cQ‡bi cvR‡i Av‡iv 2 wUi AwaK wPý Ki‡Z n‡e|

e‡R©¨i †bvU- G cÖ‡R‡±i KvR †k‡l cÖPzi cwigvY wÎfyRvK…wZi †QvU †QvU UzKiv Ae‡kl †_‡K hvq| UzKiv¸‡jv `xN© n‡j †m¸‡jv Øviv Ab¨ wKQz ‰Zwi Kiv hvq| Ab¨vb¨ UzKiv¸‡jv‡K gqjvi cv‡Î †djv nq| A_ev mvgvb¨ UvKvi wewbg‡q Ab¨ KvD‡K w`‡q †`qv nq|

UzKiv¸‡jv wPwýZ Kiv

‡Uªwms Kiv ïiæ Kiæb| KvwUs A‡cÿv GwU Kg mgq †bq|

‡`L‡Z my›`i AvK…wZi nq|

cÖwZwU UzKiv‡K †j‡ej w`‡q wPwýZ Kiæb| Ggbfv‡e wPwýZ Kiæb †hb cieZ©x‡Z wPb‡Z fzj bv nq|

cwiKíbv Abyhvqx d¬vB cwieZ©b Kiæb|

‡÷bwmj †mKk‡bi wcmwK/evKnxW †÷bwmjvK g‡b Kiæb| wVK Av‡Q G¸‡jv †cQ‡b P‡j †M‡Q, GLb Avgiv wb‡`©kbv AbymiY Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z|

cÖ_‡g wcQ‡bi Ò1/2.....Ó co–b hv g~jZ 1/2 Bw e„w× eySvq|

evB‡ii cÖv‡šÍ 1/2 Gi Rb¨ †ewk cwigvY RvqMv †Q‡o hvB|

GLb c¨vUvb©‡K Wv‡K 1/2 cwieZ©b Kiæb Ges Wvb cÖv‡šÍ 2q evi wPwýZ Kiæb|

evg cv‡ki Rb¨ GKBfv‡e KvR Kiæb|

Avcwb GLb wb‡`©kbv †gvZv‡eK wPwýZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

 

 

wPwýZ Pvgovi Ae¯’v

KvwUs ïiæi Av‡M GwU wdwbkW Pvgov| †`Lyb Kxfv‡e mewKQz my›`i I cwiKíbv †gvZv‡eK nq|

 

KvUv

Avgv‡`i‡K Gme KvW©‡evW© †÷bwmj‡K Pvgovi e‡g© cwiYZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

cyiæZ¡ †ewk n‡j KuvwPi cwie‡Z© †j`vi KvUvi e¨envi Kiæb|

Pvgov KvUvi c~‡e© Pvgovi fv‡jv Zj ev c„ô †e‡Q wbb|

PvgovUv DuPz K‡i a‡i KvR Kiæb|

Gici KvUvi w`‡q Pvgov KvUzb| Pvgovi mimwi QzwiNvZ Kiv KwVb| Pvgov KvUvi mgq A¼b Abyhvqx GKUv MwZ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| G‡ÿ‡Î jvBb AbymiY Kivi Rb¨ †bvU ivL‡Z n‡e| AwZwi³ me mgqB fv‡jv, Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †¯‹P Kiv †÷bwmj A‡cÿv jvBb i¤^v n‡e|

cÖ_g KvUvi ciB Pvgovi cyiæZ¡ †Lqvj Kiæb|

j¤^vfv‡e †mvRvmywR Pvgov KvUvi †ÿ‡Î wfbœ KvwUs c×wZ e¨envi Kiæb| wbP †_‡K KvUv ïiæ Kiæb| PvgovUv k³fv‡e a‡i QzwiUv wb‡Ri w`‡K Uvbyb| nv‡Zi KewR cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv Nywi‡q †eøWwU †mvRvfv‡e Dc‡v, wb‡P Ges j¤^fv‡e †i‡L KvR Kiæb| nv‡Zi KewR Ges KbyB mw¤§wjZfv‡e euvwK‡q KvUvi jvBb wVK Kiv nq| G‡ÿ‡Î A‡bK jZvi g‡Zv e¨vKAvc cvIqv hvq| hLb evKv Kiv nq ZLb KbyB †Nvivi mv‡_ mv‡_ KewRI Ny‡i|

Pvgovi †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Ask Ab¨ Ask A‡cÿv †ewk †jvg _v‡K| †`L‡Z AZ¨šÍ wekÖx †jvg‡K 45

‡Kv‡Y QvUvB ev evQvB K‡i †djv nq| `ªæZ KuvwP w`‡q KvUv Pvgovi cÖvšÍ cwi®‹vi K‡i|

 

Qzwi Øviv Mfxifv‡e euvKv K‡i KvUv KwVb n‡jI GwU `ªæZ n‡q _v‡K| hw` Avcwb †mvRv jvBb eivei Kv‡Ub Zvn‡j GwUB n‡jv Pvgov KvUvi Dcvq|

AMfxifv‡e Pvgov KvU‡Z ïaygvÎ Qzwii gv_v e¨eüZ nq| G&B Qzwii gv_v w`‡q mn‡R Nywi‡q Pvgov KvUv hvq| †mvRvfv‡e Pvgov KvUvi †ÿ‡Î MwZ axi nq Ges e¨v‡j _v‡K bv|

AMfxi Ges Mfxi KvUvi e¨envi Kiæb| G‡Z Pvgovi UzKiv KvU‡Z mg_© n‡eb|

KL‡bv KL‡bv cÖvšÍ eivei KvUv Lye mnR nq| Gfv‡eB †Kv‡bv UzKiv KvUvi KvR †kl Ki‡Z nq| gReyZ mg¯Í Pvgov‡K A‡bKÿY a‡I ivLv AZ¨šÍ K‡ói| ZvB Pvgov KvUv †k‡l Avcwb K¬všÍ Ges `ye©j n‡q co‡eb|

GLv‡b GK UzK‡iv-wW-3 KvUvi ci cieZx© av‡ci cÖ¯‘Z n‡jv|

Pvgov KvUvi wUcm

‡ewkifvM Pvgov m¤úwK©Z cÖK‡í Pvgov KvUv nq| Pvgov KvUvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvRb mwVK g‡bv‡hvM I avi‡jv †eøW| Avcbv‡K Pvgov cwigvc Kivi ci †ÿÎdj wPwýZ K‡I mgZj RvqMvq KvU‡Z nq| Pvgov‡K Aek¨B †fRv Ae¯’vq ivL‡Z n‡e †hb Kv‡Ri mgq mn‡R Ges wbcyYfv‡e e¨envi Kiv hvq| cvwbi †¯úª †evZ‡ji mvnv‡h¨ A_ev †fRv ¯úÄ Gi gva¨‡g m¤ú~Y© Pvgov‡K nvjKv I mylgfv‡e †fRv‡Z nq|

Pvgov‡K mgZjfv‡e Kg©¯’‡j weQv‡bv nq| we‡kl K‡i Pvgovi mgZj c„ô‡K iÿvq ivevi g¨vU e¨envi Kiv nq| GB g¨vU hš¿cvwZ‡K wb‡Pi Zj Øviv bó nIqv †_‡K iÿv K‡i|

Pvgovi c„‡ô KvwUs jvBb ˆZwi‡Z †cwÝj, †ivjvi ev MRMvwV e¨envi Kiæb| †cwÝj w`‡q nvjKvfv‡e wPý w`b †hb Pvgovi `vM bv c‡o|

euvKv jvBb‡K †Uªm Ki‡Z †d«Ý Kvf© ev Ab¨vb¨ †MvjvKvi cÖvšÍ e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e|

AswKZ jvB‡bi mv‡_ †mvRv cÖv‡šÍ avZe †ivjvi ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| †mvRv cÖv‡šÍi †gvUv †ivjv‡ii Rb¨ KvwUs †eøW k³ _vK‡e|

Pvgov KvUvi Rb¨ †mvRv cÖvšÍ eivei e¨eüZ Qzwi‡K ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| Qzwi Pvjv‡bvi mgq GwU‡K †mvRv cÖv‡šÍi mv‡_ †P‡c ivL‡Z n‡e|

Qzwi wbqš¿‡Y †i‡L Pvgovi Mfxi ch©šÍ KvU‡Z n‡e| Gfv‡e cÖ‡qvR‡b Abyhvqx Pvgov KvU‡Z _vKzb|

euvKv jvBb eivei GKBfv‡e KvUzb| hw` d«x n¨vÛ WªBs K‡I _v‡Kb Z‡e QzwiUv Pvgovi mv‡d‡mi mv‡_ Lvivfv‡e ivLyb| Pvgov KvUv ch©šÍ WªBs jvBb eivei Qwei Av‡jv cvm Kivb|

cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx Qzwii †eøW cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖKí mg‡qi Rb¨ GKUv ‡eøW †UKmB Kiv DwPZ|

‡Lqvj ivL‡eb Pvgovq †hb cvwb bv c‡o| Pvgvovi UzKivq GK †duvUv cvwb co‡j `vM cÖwZ‡iv‡a m¤ú~Y© Pvgov‡K †fRv‡Z n‡e|

 

wk‡ivbvg-nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvU|

D‡Ïk¨- nv‡Zi mvnv‡h¨ Pvgov KvU‡Z mg_© n‡eb|

Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq `ªe¨vw`

KvUvi Qzwi

‡cwÝj

KvwUs c¨vUvb©

iæjvi

‡d«Ý Kvf©

KuvwP

KvwUs †evW©

Pvgovi DcKiY

c×wZ

cÖwkÿK‡K AewnZ Kiæb †h, Avcwb Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z|

cÖwkÿK GLb Avcbv‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq mKj hš¿cvwZ, `ªevw` I KvwUs c¨vUvb© mieivn Ki‡eb|

c¨vUvb© cixÿv K‡i Kv‡Ri Pvwn`v †gvZ‡eK Pvgov KvU‡Z n‡e|

¸YMZgvb AR©‡b c¨vUvb©, Qzwi I Qzwi I KvwUs †ev‡W©i ÎæwUmg~n wPwýZ K‡i wi‡cv©U Ki‡Z n‡e|

Kv‡Ri wb‡`©kbv I ¸bMZgvb Abyhvqx KvUv Ask¸‡jv‡K cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|

evwZj Pvgovi UzKiv¸‡jv wPwýZ I ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|

Gici djvdj msiÿY Ki‡Z n‡e|

hš¿cvwZ I Kvh©‡ÿ·K Av`k©gvb Abyhvqx cwi®‹vi ivL‡Z n‡e|

me‡k‡l Ave©Rbv mwVKfv‡e AcmviY Ki‡Z n‡e|

 

Kvh©m¤úv`b I gvb`‡Ûi ZvwjKv

Avwg wK

mvBR Ges Drcv`b wb‡`©kvejx Abymv‡i KvwUs hš¿cvwZ Ges c¨vUvb© wbe©vPb K‡iwQ?

KvwUs Gi Rb¨ hš¿cvwZ msMÖn, evQvB Ges myweb¨¯Í Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ?

KvwUs Gi mgq Pvgovi `vM, wPý Ges ÎæwUmg~n fv‡jvfv‡e cixÿv K‡iwQ?

KviLvbvi cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i wewfbœ As‡ki Rb¨ Pvgovi UzKiv evQvB K‡i Ggbfv‡e c¨vUvb© ˆZwi Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ †hb Aí cwigvY eR©¨ Drcbœ nq|

c¨vUv‡b©i AvKvi I AvK…wZ Ges Pvgovi ¸YMZgvb eRvq ‡i‡L KvwUs †KŠkj e¨envi K‡iwQ?

KvUv UzKiv mwVKfv‡e mvBR K‡i, Pvgovi †MÖBb, c¨vUb©, Kvjvi Ges AvK…wZ Abyhvqx gvbvbmB K‡i ¸wQ‡q †i‡LwQ?

KviLvbvi KZ…©K wba©vwiZ ¸YMZgvb Ges Kvh© wb‡`©kbv †g‡b KvUv UzK‡iv¸‡jv cixÿv K‡iwQ?

evwZj UzKiv¸‡jv AcmviY K‡i †iKW© msiÿY K‡iwQ?

Kg©‡ÿ‡Îi gvb Abymv‡i Kg©‡ÿÎ I hš¿cvwZ cwi®‹vi K‡iwQ?

KviLvbvi wbqg bxwZ Abymv‡i eR©¨ AcmviY Ki‡Z ‡c‡iwQ?

 

mÿgZv mg~n cybiv‡jvPbv

nvZ w`‡q Pvgov KvUv gwWD‡j †hvM¨Zv g~j¨vq‡bi gvb`‡Ûi ZvwjKv wb‡¤œ †`qv n‡jv-

Kvh©m¤úv`b gvb`Û

1| cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY I †gwkb e¨env‡ii mgq, c~‡e© I c‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq mKj wbivcËv welqvejx ev wbqg-bxwZ gvbv n‡q‡Q|

2| cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY I †gwkb e¨env‡ii mgq, c~‡e© I c‡i Awbivc` I ÎæwUc~Y© hš¿cvwZmg~n wPwýZ Kiv Ges wba©vwiZ c×wZ Abymv‡i †m¸‡jv †givgZ n‡q‡Q|

3| e¨vw³MZ wbivcËv †ckvK cwiavb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

4| KviLvbvi wbqg Abymv‡i Kvg©‡ÿ‡Î ¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

5| Drcv`bKvixi wb‡`©kbv Ges Kvh©wb‡`©kbv I mvBR Abymv‡i KvwUs hš¿cvwZ Ges c¨vUvb©mg~n wbe©vPb I cÖ¯‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q|

6| KvwUs Gi Rb¨ DcKiY msMÖn, evQvB I myweb¨¯Í Kiv n‡q‡Q|

7| KvwUs †evW© wbqwgZ cwi®‹vi I msiÿY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

8| Z_¨vejx msiÿY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

9| KvwUs Gi mgq Pvgovi `vM, wPý Ges ÎæwUmg~‡ni cixÿv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

10| KviLvbvi cÖ‡qvR‡b Aí eR©¨ Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ c¨vUvb© I UzKiv we‡ePbv Kiv Ges wewfbœ As‡ki Rb¨ Pvgov evQvB Kiv n‡q‡Q|

11| c¨vUvb©, bvBd Ges KvwUs †ev‡W©i mgm¨v Ges ÎæwUmg~n wPwýZ K‡i †givg‡Zi e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡q‡Q|

12| eR©¨ Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ KvwUs bvBd Ges c¨vUvb© mg~‡ni e¨envi n‡q‡Q|

13| DbœZgv‡bi Pvgovq c¨vUb©mg~n ¯’vcb Kivi `vM, wPý Ges ÎæwUmg~n Gwo‡q hvIqv n‡q‡Q|

14| mbv³K…Z ÎæwUc~Y© Ask Gwo‡q c¨vUvb© ¯’vcb n‡q‡Q|

15| c¨vUv‡bi mv‡_ gvbvbmB KvwUs †KŠk‡ji e¨envi n‡q‡Q|

16| mvBR, Pvgovi †MÖBb, c¨vUvb©, Kvjvi Ges †mBW Abyhvqx UyKiv mwVKfv‡e KvUv n‡q‡Q|

17| UzKiv¸‡jv KviLvbvi KZ©…K wba©vwiZ ¸YMZgvb Ges Kv‡Ri wb‡`©kbv †g‡b KvUv n‡q‡Q|

18| evwZj UzKiv ¸‡jv Acmvib Ges †iK©W msiÿY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

19| Kg©‡ÿ‡Îi ÷¨vÛvW© Abymv‡i Kg©‡ÿÎ I hš¿cvwZ cwi®‹vi Kiv n‡q‡Q|

20| KviLvbvi wbqg-bxwZ Abymv‡i eR¨© AcmviY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GLb Avwg cÖvwZôvwbKfv‡e †hvM¨Zv hvPB‡qi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z|